Social Function
To present (at least) two points of
view about an issue.
Generic Structure
1. Issue:
- Statement
- Preview
2. Arguments for against or
statement of differing points of view:
- Point
- Elaboration
3. Conclusion or recommendation
Significant Lexicogrammatical
Features
1. Focus on generic human and
generic non-human Participants
2. Use of:
- Material Processes, e.g. has produced, have developed,
to feed
- Relational Processes, e.g., is, could have, cause are
- Mental Processes, e.g., feel.
3. Use of Comparative, contrastive
and Consequential conjunctions
4. Reasoning expressed as verbs and nouns (abstraction).
Berikut adalah contoh Discussion
text / example of discussion text:
Convenience
or Care?
When something issued by someone, we
say it has been consumed. We as consumers use many things, both natural and
processed. We consume more of the Earth’s resources than other animals do and,
as a result, we cause problems for the environment.
Like all animals, we need clean air
and water, food and shelter for survival. Unlike other animals, however, we
have certain “want”. These are items that are not necessary for our survival,
but that we want because they make our lives easier or more enjoyable.
Environments claims that a great
deal of waste is created by both the production and the consumption of these
items or product. Disposable products, such a pens, take away food containers,
plates, shavers and cutlery, are made using the Earth’s resources. When these
products are thrown away, the resources are lost.
Another example of waste is the
unnecessary packaging on many products. The material is often not recycled and
used again.
Throwing thing away also increases
pollution. The amount of disposable plastic litter that ends up in waterways is
a serious problem. When this waste reaches the oceans, it can kill marine life.
Industrialist counter these
arguments with their own point of view. They claim that consumer’s expect to be
able to purchase food which is attractively presented, prepackaged to extent
its life and easy to store. In a busy society, convenience is a priority.
Products which make life easier, era in demand. Industrialist argue that they
cater to this perceived need.
Packaging is also big business and
provides jobs for many people who might otherwise be unemployed and a burden to
society.
Environmentalist declare that for
thousands of year, people survived perfectly well with re-usable
products. However, people of the twenty-first century have become used to wing
in a ‘thrown-away’ society. It is up to each one of us to dispose of waste
products carefully, recycle as much as possible and to reduce the stress on our
environment. Think when buying pre-packaged goods and consider whether the same
products can be bought without the extra wrappings. Let’s make the best of what
we have.
Explanation merupakan salah satu
genre of text. Nah, disini ada beberapa contoh dan strukturnya. Silakan
dibaca-baca.. 
Social Function: To explain the processes involved in the formation or
working of natural or sociocultural phenomena.
Generic Structure
- A general statement to position the reader
- A sequenced explanation of why or how something occurs.
Significant Lexicogrammatical
Features
- Focus on generic, non-human Participants
- Use mainly of Material Processes and Relational
Processes
- Use mainly of Temporal and causal Circumstances and
Conjunctions
The United States of America is
where the Venus’s fly trap has its origins. The Venus’s fly trap is a unique
plant. It belongs to a group of plants called ‘carnivorous plants’. These
plants feed on insect. The Venus’s fly trap has a special mechanism by which it
traps its prey. This is how it works.
At the end of each leaf – which
grows from the base of a long, flowering stalk – there is a trap. The trap is
made up of two lobes and is covered with short, reddish hairs which are
sensitive. There are teeth like structures around the edge of the lobes.
The trap contains nectar which
attracts insect. When an insect comes in contact with the nectar, the trap
snaps shut. There are certain digestive juice inside the trap which digest the
insect. It takes about ten days for a trapped insect to be digested. We can
tell when this digestion is complete, for then the walls automatically open to
wait for another victim.
There are two hundred species of
carnivorous plants. Another kind of these well- known species is the pitcher
plant. What differentiates this plant from the Venus’s fly trap is the shape;
the mechanism to catch insects is the same in both plants.
The pitcher plants which cling to
other plants by means of tendrils. At one end of the tendril, there is a
pitcher –shaped vessel with an open lid. The mouth and the lid of the pitcher
contain glands which produce nectar to attract insect. When an insect settles
on the nectar, the lid of the pitcher shuts, trapping its victim. The digestive
juices inside the pitcher then begin to work.
The
effects of acid soil
Soils with a pH of less than 7.0 are
acid. The lower the pH, the more acid the soil. When soil pH falls below 5.5,
plant growth is affected. Crop yields decrease, reducing productivity
Soils provide water and nutrients
for plant growth and development. Essential plant nutrients include phosphorus,
nitrogen, potassium and sulfur. Plants require other elements such as
molybdenum, in smaller quantities. Some elements eg aluminium and manganese,
are toxic to plants.
Nutrients become available to plants
when they are dissolved in water. Plants are able to take up phosphate,
nitrate, potassium and sulfate ions in solution.
The solubility of nitients changes
with pH. In acid soils (low pH), molybdenum becomes less soluble and aluminium
becomes more soluble. Therefore, plant growth may be affected by either a
deficiency of molybdenum or too much aluminium.
Both crop and pasture plants are
affected by acid soils. there may be a range of symptoms. Crops and pastures
may be poorly established resulting in patchy and uneven growth. Plant leaves
may go yellow and die at the tips. The root system of the plant may be stunted.
Crops may yield less.
Plants vary in their sensitivity to
low pH. Canola and lucerne are very sensitive to acid soils so do not grow
well. Lupins and triticale are tolerant to soils of low pH so they still
perform well.
Land can become unproductive if acid
soil is left untreated. Incorporating lime into the soil raises the pH.
Therefore, liming soil can reverse the effects of acid soil on plants and
return a paddock to productivity.
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